Biodegradable Plastics Market survey research Analysis

Author:ANROSOFT_market survey report Company,market survey report services.( http://anrosoft.com )

Biodegradable plastics are referring to a class of micro-organisms exist in nature such as bacteria, mold (fungi) and the role of algae caused by the degradation of plastic. Ideal biodegradable plastics is a good performance, can be discarded after the complete decomposition Environmental Microbiology, was eventually to become inorganic nature of the carbon cycle as an integral part of the polymer materials. “Paper” is a typical biodegradable materials, and “composite plastic” is typical of polymer materials. Therefore, biodegradable plastics are both “paper” and “synthetic plastic” nature of the two polymer materials Materials. Biodegradable plastics can be divided into fully biodegradable plastics and biodegradable plastics in two destructive.

Biodegradable plastics destructive: devastating bio-degradable plastics include the current starch-modified (or filling) of polyethylene PE, polypropylene PP, polyvinyl chloride PVC, polystyrene, etc. PS.

Completely biodegradable plastics: completely biodegradable plastics from natural polymers are the major (such as starch, cellulose, chitin) or agricultural by-products by microbial fermentation or synthesis of biodegradable polymer obtained, such as thermoplastic starch plastics, aliphatic polyester, polylactic acid, starch / PVA plastic and so are these.

Biodegradable plastics at home and abroad the status quo and development trend

On classification from the raw materials, bio-degradable plastics have at least the following:

1. Polycaprolactone (PCL)
This plastic has good biodegradability, the melting point is 62 ℃. Microbial decomposition of its widely distributed in the excitement or anaerobic conditions. Biodegradable materials as it can be starch, cellulose-type material mixed together, or in connection with the use of lactic acid polymer.

2. Poly butylene succinate (PBS) and its copolymers
To PBS (melting point of 114 ℃) for the basic materials of all kinds of high molecular weight polyester technology has reached the level of industrial production. Japan’s Mitsubishi Chemical and Showa polymer company has begin industrial production, about 1000 tons at scale.

Physical and Chemical Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences are conducting poly butylene succinate Synthesis of copolyester. Physical and Chemical Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences is currently planning an annual output of 10,000 tons of PBS production lines in Guangdong Jinfa company has an annual output of 1,000 tons of built-scale production lines.

3. Polylactic acid (PLA)
In the United States to improve Natureworks polylactic acid production process has made a positive and effective work, the development of the glucose fermentation of corn from polylactic acid system, has reached an annual production capacity of 14,000 tons. UNITIKA Japanese companies, R & D and production of many types of products, one of canvas, trays, utensils and so on the Aichi Expo in Japan will be widely used.

At present, the industrialization of our country there is Zhejiang Haisheng biodegradable plastics Co., Ltd. (scale 5000 thousand tons / year production line), the units are in the test kit has good Shanghai Biology Material Co., Ltd., Jiangsu Jiuding Group.

4. Polyglycolic alkyl esters (PHA)
Implementation is currently abroad, mainly in industrial production of the United States and Brazil. At present, there is production of biological materials Cheonan Ningbo Ltd. (scale 2 thousand tons / year), is a unit test has Nantian Group Co., Ltd., Jiangsu, Tianjin State Biology Technology Co., Ltd. rhyme.

Use of renewable resources are biodegradable plastics, the aliphatic polyester and mixed with starch, production of biodegradable plastics technology has been successful. In Europe and the United States, starch and aliphatic polyester blends are widely used in the manufacture of products such as trash bags. On the largest international sales are the best of Italian Novamont company whose trade name Mater-bi, the company’s products in Europe and the United States has many more applications.

Domestic research and production of a lot of the units, the industrialization of one of the units have gorgeous Wuhan Technology Limited (the size of 8 thousand tons / year), Eco-Technology Co., Ltd. Zhejiang Huafa (8 thousand tons / year), Zhejiang Tianhe Ecological Technology Co., Ltd. ( 5 thousand tons / year), Biology of Fujian Pepsi Materials Ltd. (the size of 2 thousand tons / year), degradable plastics Fang Ltd. (scale 5 thousand tons / year) and so on.

5. Aliphatic aromatic copolyester
BASF companies in Germany created by random aliphatic aromatic copolyester (Ecoflex), the monomers are: adipic acid, terephthalic acid, 1,4 – butanediol. At the current production capacity of 140,000 tons / year. At the same time, the development of a polyester and starch-based biodegradable plastics.

6. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) type of biodegradable plastics
MaterBi such as the Italian NOVMANT Products 90’s in the last century mainly in the starch added to PVA, blown it, but also processing other products. Polyvinyl alcohol-type materials, modified to go through the rear must have good biodegradation properties, Beijing Technology and Business University of Light Industry Research Institute of Plastics Processing Applications made in this regard results.

7. Dioxide copolymer
Abroad, the first national study of carbon dioxide copolymer mainly Japan and the United States, but has not industrial production.

Group home in Inner Mongolia Mengxi Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry adopted the technology, have been completed and an annual output of 3,000 tons of carbon / epoxy copolymer resin plant compounds, and products are mainly used in packaging and medical materials. Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou Institute of Chemistry, Dr. Chen Liban development of low-molecular-weight copolymer of carbon dioxide technology has been put into operation beginning in Jiangsu Taixing varieties are low molecular weight carbon / epoxy compound copolymer, polyurethane foam materials used as raw materials for household appliances, such as packaging. Henan Tianguan Group, Sun Yat-sen University Professor Meng Yuezhong adopt the technology, has completed pilot scale production of carbon dioxide copolymer is expected to be in pilot production this year.

Others, such as chitin, polyamide, poly aspartic acid, glucomannan, cellulose, etc. are in the research and development.

The status and trends of development

According to the Japanese study of biodegradable plastics information, in 2002 the production of biodegradable plastics in Japan is about 10,000 tons in 2003, about 20,000 tons in 2005, about 40,000 tons by the year 2010 is expected to reach 10 to 20 million tons.

According to the European Bioplastics Association data, 2001 figures show that the EU can be biodegradable products for the consumption of 2.5 to 30,000 tons, while the traditional usage of polymer up to 35 million tons. European Bioplastics Association, in 2010 the traditional polymer is expected to amount to reach the 55 million tons, while the amount of biodegradable plastics will reach 50 to 100 million tons. Biodegradable materials may eventually occupy 10% market share. Biodegradable material in the raw materials used in the proportion of renewable resources will account for 90%.

In accordance with the degradable plastics CPPIA major Commission statistics, in 2003 the use of biodegradable material is about 15,000 tons, which does not add starch biodegradable polymer of about 1000 tons. In 2005 engaged in biodegradable plastics business of about 30 production capacity 60,000 tons / year, actual production of about 30,000 tons, the demand for the domestic market of about 50,000 tons, 10,000 tons imported, exported 20,000 tons. 2010 is expected to be able to reach an annual output of around 250,000 tons.

Domestic and foreign policies

Some developed countries also to the economic cycle as a guide, the use of degradable disposable utensils, such as Sweden at age 80 at the end of the 20th century, potatoes and corn on the trial of the disposable system , South Korea to use a mandatory requirement by law to do with the toothpick, such as glutinous rice. Europe on the development of biodegradable plastic composting standard EN13432 “conducive to composting and recycling of biodegradable packaging, testing and final evaluation of the request”, and other treatment to promote the composting of organic waste at the decree of the active formulation and preparation. The United States government set up in 1996 Presidential Green Chemistry Challenge Awards, to encourage the development of biodegradable plastics industry. New York State beginning in 1989 prohibiting the use of vegetables, non-biodegradable bags, degradable plastics production subsidies given to the manufacturers and asked the public on renewable and non-renewable separate trash, or a fine of 500 U.S. dollars.

Some other countries have also taken a similar response: India has been introducing legislation to ban the use of plastic packaging products industry; South African law has been a total ban on the use of plastic packaging bags. With the development of national legislation, a new type of biodegradable packaging materials is expected to become increasingly popular.

In our country, with the deepening understanding of degradable plastics have been fully aware of this material and its industrialization for sustainable development of China’s strategic role. Biodegradable plastics have been the popularity of the application will be welcomed by all. People in 2004 than our country passed the “Renewable Energy Law (Draft)” and “Solid Waste Law (Amendment)” to encourage renewable energy use and promote the use of degradable plastics. In the National Development and Reform Commission in 2005 No. 40 document, also made it clear to encourage the use of biodegradable plastics and promotion. In 2006, the National Development and Reform Commission has launched the promotion of biomass on the biodegradable material of the special fund for development projects.

The development of biodegradable plastics and difficult questions facing

However, even though the study of the degradable plastics and report more, but many can not solve a specific problem, extremely difficult to promote, can not be optimistic about the prospects. The reasons are: First, degradable plastic bags because of low load-bearing capacity, many customers can not meet the re-use things and loaded the request; degradable plastic bags are two dim yellow color, transparency is low, giving a clean and not enough sense of shame , and do not trust them; three prices are high because businesses are free of charge, the cost of so difficult to accept.

In another example, fast food boxes to resolve the EPS on the environment pollution problems. Trying to paper boxes or lunch boxes instead of degradable plastics. However, because of the existence of the following reasons, it is extremely difficult to promote: First EPS high strength, light weight, good insulation; are two boxes of paper Price EPS are 1.5 ~ 2.5 times; are three boxes even if the degradation of PP, its performance is also not on EPS. Recently, relevant departments of our country require the use of disposable tableware production plant fiber instead of EPS. However, because of cutlery at the plant fiber used in the molding process of polymer sol hot, so deal with the problem still exist and remain in the plant fiber tableware in the control of pesticide content in question.

Therefore, research and development of degradable plastics is still a long way to go.

Industrial development policies and measures

(1) to accelerate the application of Product R & D and industrialization

At present, the biological degradation of the performance of plastic products can not fully meet the consumer demand, even though the market has many varieties, but each material and processing machinery itself is only a particular aspect of performance has outstanding features, there is also General Properties or less than that, this will be its market constraints are applied to promote one of the bottlenecks. In the development of biodegradable plastic products at the same time, domestic enterprises should pay attention to speed up their own intellectual property rights, innovation and product development purposes. Because of foreign-biodegradable plastics on R & D and production relatively early, has applied for a lot of patents, in order to give domestic enterprises to develop new products, resulting in a certain amount of technical barriers. Using polylactic acid to examples of the patent, in 2005, foreign-related patent polylactic acid has a number of 1700, and open our country, only 145 patents, more than half of which are also patented abroad. Therefore, domestic companies should have independent intellectual property rights to enhance product development.

(B) to strengthen product development and research

Second, products are currently engaged in the processing power of the study is still significantly weak, the majority of enterprises will be the focus of attention focused on the synthetic material on, to the neglect of product development, some made of biodegradable plastic tableware in the heat, water and mechanical strength of traditional plastic products with a difference of distance, which is precisely the possibility of biodegradable plastics the key to large-scale market-oriented.

(C) to improve garbage collection treatment system, the promotion of biodegradable plastics recycling process

Recycling of the lack of complete and perfect the system deal with constraints to further promote the product. Must therefore be to clearly identify degradable plastics, and to recover. Can use to collect after processing into products; for reuse should not be considered a reasonable way to deal with. Add traditional plastic starch degradation of renewable resources, such as plastic, can be used waste heat recovery system. Of biodegradable plastics, could focus on ways to deal with compost.

(D) to expedite the formulation of relevant policies and regulations

1. A special fund to support the

Biodegradable plastic products for the application and development subsidies, including subsidies to the central government and local government subsidies. By the central finance scientific and technological capital, subsidies and other discounts, such as the Olympic Games biodegradable disposable plastic products, such as demonstration and promotion.

Country may consider the use of biomass feedstock for the production of biodegradable plastics using low-interest loan business policies, technical special loans, credit guarantee policy to encourage industrial development.

2. Tax policy

There is no bio-degradable plastics on the import of products with low tax rates used expressly to promote the development of the industry should formulate preferential tariff rate.

To encourage and support the development of some enterprises may be in accordance with the new Enterprise Income Tax Ordinance provides relief policies, such as: First, place the regional national autonomy of enterprises in need of care and encouraged by the provincial people’s government for approval, tax relief and can be regularly ; are two laws, administrative regulations and relevant provisions of the State Council to grant duty-free business tax in accordance with the regulations.

3. To strengthen the traditional plastic recycling, recovery of tax income

Abroad, the use of plastic products for recycling after the very great importance, such as the European Commission in accordance with the guidance of the revised laws, the EU member states should be from 2008 to 2015, will trash their own re-packaging to improve the utilization rate of more than 55 percent, one of the glass packaging re-utilization of up to 60%, 50% of metal packaging, plastic packaging to reach 22.5%, 15% of wood packaging. The European Commission pointed out that in 2001, only the packaging re-use a litter on the EU to reduce carbon dioxide emissions by 0.6%, indicating that further improve the utilization rate of litter packaging to reduce packaging materials not only energy consumption, save construction costs of field burning treatment , and the production of packaging materials can reduce the environmental pollution caused by the process, to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and protect the environment is a very practical and effective measures. So we must enhance the tradition of mandatory recycling of plastic. The higher cost of recycling of disposable plastic packaging products, added 10% to 100% of the waste tax. Can not recall of disposable plastic packaging products, to require the use of biodegradable plastics.

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